This document categorises additive manufacturing (AM) defects in DED and PBF laser and electron beam category of processes, provides a review of relevant current NDT standards, details NDT methods that are specific to AM and complex 3D geometries and outlines existing non‑destructive testing techniques that are applicable to some AM types of defects.

This document is aimed at users and producers of AM processes and it applies, in particular, to the following:

—    safety critical AM applications;

—    assured confidence in AM;

—    reverse engineered products manufactured by AM;

—    test bodies wishing to compare requested and actual geometries.