This International Standard is applicable to the radiological safety of portable handheld X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis equipment utilizing a miniature X-ray tube as the source of ionizing radiation for industrial applications. The following are beyond the scope of this standard: a) portable XRF analysis equipment utilizing a radioactive source(s); b) large fixed installation XRF analysis equipment utilizing an X-ray tube; c) veterinary and medical applications for portable XRF analysis. The object of this standard is to establish performance specifications for general radiation, electrical, safety and environmental characteristics of the design and operation, and test methods in relation to radiological safety for portable XRF analysis equipment utilizing a miniature X-ray tube. The proposed performance specifications are aimed at minimizing and avoiding the health risk associated with the use of these devices. Analytical performance specifications are beyond the scope of this standard. Portable XRF analyzers utilizing low power, miniature X-ray tubes as sources of ionizing radiation represent a new class of industrial equipment. The miniature X-ray tube replaces the small radioisotope sources (e.g., Fe-55, Co-57, Cd-109, Am-241 and Cm-244) that have been used in portable analyzers for applications such as analysis of lead in paint, alloy identification, and soil screening for hazardous materials